ESSAY
ALREADY OCCUPIED: NGALI NGARIBA
JULY 2019

Dr. Glenda Harward-Nalder.

References:

1. Harward-Nalder, G. & M. Grenfell (2012) “Learning from the Quandamooka” in Arthington, A.H. et al A Place of Sandhills: Ecology, Hydrogeomorphology and Management of Queensland’s Dune Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland Vol. #117, pp 495-501.

2. https://www.kimberleyfoundation.org.au/australian-dig-finds-evidence-aboriginal-habitation-80000-years-ago/

3. http://libbyharward.art/project/ngugi-bajara/

4. https://www.berlinerfestspiele.de/en/berliner-festspiele/programm/bfs-gesamtprogramm/programmdetail_274528.html

5. https://www.bgbm.org/en/greenhouses/australia

6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Earthly_Delights#cite_note-75

7. Dauphin or Harleian world map, c.1547.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APutting_Australia_on_the_Map.ogv
(National Library of Australia).

8. https://secure.understandingprejudice.org/nativeiq/columbus.htm

9. In 2011 the Texas (US) based cosmetics company Mary Kay withdrew their application to patent extracts from the Kakadu plum after protests from Australian First Nation groups that the restriction would prevent our people from using the fruit for medicine. Despite decades of activism, there remains little protection in Australia for Indigenous Intellectual Property. https://www.ipaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/northern_australia_aboriginal_kakadu_plum_alliance.pdf

10. Edited extract from Bruce Pascoe’s Dark Emu (2014):
https://www.foreground.com.au/environment/decolonising-agriculture-bruce-pascoes-dark-emu/11/

11. Captain James Cook’s Endeavour Voyage 27 July 1768 – 13 July 1771
http://southseas.nla.gov.au/index_voyaging.html
(National Library of Australia).

12. Our ancient rock art depicts ‘plant people’. 2003. Plant Motifs in Kimberley Rock-Art, Australia. Before Farming, 2003/4 (5): 387-398.
https://www.kimberleyfoundation.org.au/kimberley-rock-art/rock-art-styles/

13. The Emu in the Sky and Elvina Track, one of the largest engraving sites in Australia.
http://www.atnf.csiro.au/people/Ray.Norris/SydneyRockArt/sites/Elvina/index.htm
http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/content/topics/starmaps/

14. Koener, L. “Carl Linnaeus in his time and place” in Jardine, N. (Ed) (1996) Cultures of Natural History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 145-6.

15. On-line discussions about the disputed territories dataset
https://www.naturalearthdata.com/forums/topic/disputed-territories-type-field/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png

16. More than 50 Aboriginal ancestral remains are being returned to their homelands from five different German institutes as part of the Australian Government’s work to facilitate the return of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ancestral remains from overseas collections.
https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2019/04/10/germany-returns-aboriginal-ancestral-remains-largest-hand-back